18650 cell

Types of 18650 cells

There are several types of 18650 cell configurations. They are categorized based on their chemistry and application.

• Cylindrical 18650 cells

  This is the most widespread cell variety. The cylindrical cells are commonly used in laptops, power tools, and other consumer electronics. These cells are easy to manufacture and provide high energy density. They offer stable performance over prolonged periods. These cells have mechanical strength because of their cylindrical shape. This makes them suitable for stacking in different configurations.

• Prismatic 18650 cells

  The 18650 prismatic cells are non-cylindrical cells that come in rectangular shapes. They are useful because of the modularity they provide during arrangements. Manufacturers assemble them in configurations requiring less space. This makes them ideal for customization. They have an average energy density. This means their output is not as high as the cylindrical cells. However, their design allows flexible application across different devices.

• Pouch cells

  Pouch cells have a flexible, slim design different from the cylindrical structure of the 18650 cells. They are lightweight and can be easily stacked to save space and provide design flexibility. Pouch cells are mainly used in electric vehicles and portable electronics. Their high energy output makes them ideal for these applications.

• 26650 cells

  These cells are larger than the 18650 cells. They offer more capacity and power output. There are many similarities between them, such as materials and construction. However, this type of cell may be used in applications requiring longer run times or a higher discharge rate. They are especially good for power tools, flashlights, and energy storage systems.

How to choose a 18650 cell

The selection of rechargeable lithium 18650 batteries depends on several factors. They include discharge rate, capacity, brand & quality, and application.

• Battery capacity

  Battery capacity refers to the amount of energy that can be stored in the battery. It is measured in ampere hours (Ah) and mAh. A higher capacity indicates that the battery can run the device for longer hours before it needs a recharge. For devices that require less power, like remotes, smaller batteries are suitable. For cameras and drones, larger batteries will be more useful.

• Discharge rate

  The discharge rate needs to be compatible with the device requirements. Batteries with a high discharge rate provide a quicker release of energy. This is ideal for high-power devices, such as e-cigarettes and power tools. On the other hand, devices with simple power needs will be just fine with a low discharge rate.

• Brand and quality

  When it comes to batteries, there is nothing more important than quality. Only buy batteries from brands that are known to provide genuine products. The reason why this is important is that counterfeit 18650 batteries can be potentially dangerous. They also do not perform as a genuine product would. There are various online sites with consumer reviews. Going through them will also help in the decision-making process.

• Battery recycling

  Battery recycling should be considered when making the choice. Proper disposal minimizes the negative effect batteries have on the environment. Many programs have batteries that are collected and processed for hazardous materials. Some retailers also provide trade-in offers for old 18650 batteries. This is a good way to manage used batteries.

• Application

  The choice depends on the case use. For electric vehicles or energy storage systems, batteries with higher capacity and lower degradation over time are required. In medical devices, consistency in performance and safety are essential. There are also e-bikes. In lighter consumer electronics, such as laptops, moderate-capacity batteries will work well.

Industrial applications of 18650 cells

There are many applications in the industry of lithium 18650 cells.

• Electric vehicles

  The 18650 cells offer large amounts of energy. This makes them suitable for electric vehicles. Automakers use the cells to power EV batteries used in long-range applications. The large capacity of the cells provides greater distance coverage for the electric vehicles.

• Portable power tools

  These cells are used to power cordless drills, saws, and other tools. The tools run longer with the cells before they need a recharge. This makes them popular in the construction industry.

• Medical devices

  Batteries power equipment such as portable ventilators and infusion pumps in healthcare. The cells are chosen because of their reliability. There is no risk of the tools failing, as there is with less reliable batteries. There are also some parameters. These batteries are used in devices where performance consistency and safety matter.

• Railway systems

  18650 lithium batteries are applied in trains and subways. They are used as a backup power source during outages. They also enable the smooth transition of power between different sources to keep the system stable. The cells help maintain operations safely and minimize downtime.

• Renewable energy storage

  These cells are also applied in large-scale energy storage systems. This helps store excess energy derived from solar or wind power. They help supply energy when it is in short supply. They can power buildings during peak hours or when renewable generation is low. These batteries enhance the reliability and efficiency of energy grids, particularly in systems with high intermittent renewable energy.

• Consumer electronics

  The cells are popular choices for laptops, smartphones, and tablets. They are used in most rechargeable portable gadgets. The batteries provide good energy density and a long lifespan. There is less need for recharges, and this improves the user experience. The cells are also versatile. They can easily power a range of devices, from simple to complex ones.

Preventing and fixing issues with 18650 cells

Some of the problems related to 18650 li-on batteries can be solved and prevented by understanding the batteries and taking good care of them.

• Overcharging

  Overcharging makes the battery swell, heat up, and sometimes vent toxic material. Avoid constant overcharging by using a smart charger that stops charging once the cell is fully charged. Avoid chargers that are not meant for 18650 batteries. Monitor charged cells regularly to ensure they are not overcharged.

• Undercharging

  Undercharging makes a lithium battery unstable. It is also unable to hold a charge and eventually loses its capacity. Use a quality charger that matches the battery's requirements. Make sure the battery never goes below the minimum voltage level. Set charging reminders for devices like power banks that are prone to slow charging.

• Extreme temperature

  Extreme temperatures, whether high or low, affect the performance and safety of the lithium batteries. Heat can lead to swelling, venting, and even explosions. Cold makes the cells stiff and decreases chemical reactions in the battery. Keep the battery in normal temperatures between 15 and 25 degrees centigrade. Avoid exposing the cells to direct sunlight and fire. Also avoid storing the cells in cars, workbenches, or garages, where they can expose to heat.

• Physical damage

  Physical damage, such as punctures or dents, can compromise the battery's integrity. Batteries in tools can get damaged from physical impact during use. Always check the tool for any signs of physical impact after a task. Store tools in durable cases to prevent damage during transport. Batteries used in devices like e-cigarettes can get hot due to packaging. Avoid cells from the manufacturers that use poor quality materials to make them.

• Cell degeneration

  Over time, the cells can internally degrade due to excessive heat, high discharge rates, and poor-quality materials. When degraded, the cell will have low capacity, high internal resistance, and inconsistent performance. Reduce discharge rates by minimizing device usage while charging. Use devices with moderate power requirements to avoid strain. Regularly replace old 18650 lithium batteries.

Q & A

Q1. What is an 18650 battery?

A1. This is a lithium rechargeable battery with a cylindrical shape. It measures 18 mm in width and 65 mm in length. It is one of the most versatile batteries used in everyday applications, from electric cars to simple household gadgets. Its size makes it easy to carry. Its lithium chemistry allows it to be recharged after every depletion.

Q2. Why are 18650 cells so popular?

A2. The battery's design allows for easy installation and replacement across various devices. Its lithium-ion chemistry delivers a consistent energy output, ensuring longer usage times. Compatibility with multiple technologies makes it a go-to choice for manufacturers and consumers alike.

Q3. How do people recycle the 18650 cells?

A3. The recycling process begins with collection, where used 18650 batteries are gathered from various sources. Then, in the disassembly step, automated systems or manual labor carefully disassemble the batteries, removing the electrodes and other components. In material recovery, advanced techniques like hydrometallurgy or pyrometallurgy are employed to separate valuable materials such as lithium, cobalt, nickel, and manganese from the battery components. The recovered materials are then purified and processed into new forms. These materials can be used to manufacture new batteries or other products. This reduces the environmental impact and conserves natural resources.

Q4. Is there a difference between protected and unprotected 18650 cells?

A4. The only difference between the two is that a lithium battery protection circuit is installed on a protected battery. This protects the battery from electrical or physical damage. Since they have a circuit, protected batteries are thicker and heavier. The additional layer of protection makes them ideal for devices that need extra security. Unprotected batteries are slimmer and lighter, making them more suitable for space-constrained devices. However, they require more careful management.

Q5. What should one consider when purchasing the 18650 lithium batteries online?

A5. One should consider the brand and quality of the battery. Only buy a battery from a brand that is known to sell genuine products. They have two things in mind: safety and performance. It is ideal to avoid counterfeit products. They can pose safety risks and will not perform as the original product will. There are various online stores with consumer reviews. Go through them to understand better the experiences other people have had with the product.