ford power steering rack

Types of Ford Power Steering Rack

There are two main types of Ford power steering racks as discussed below;

• Electric Power Steering (EPS)

  Electric power steering uses a motor to help turn the wheels. The motor provides assistance based on the amount of force the driver applies to the steering wheel. This system offers several advantages over hydraulic power steering, including improved fuel efficiency, reduced weight, and the ability to provide variable assistance. EPS can be further divided into three subcategories: Column-Assisted EPS, Rack-Assisted EPS, and Gearbox-Assisted EPS.

  Column-Assisted EPS: In this system, the electric motor is located close to the steering column. It provides assistance directly to the steering wheel, making it easier for the driver to turn. This type of EPS is commonly found in smaller vehicles or as an optional feature in some models. It offers a significant improvement in steering effort without the need for major system changes.

  Rack-Assisted EPS: Here, the electric motor is integrated into the steering rack. It provides assistance directly to the steering mechanism, allowing for more precise control and feedback. This type of EPS is typically found in larger vehicles or those designed for high performance. The integration of the motor into the steering rack allows for real-time adjustment of assistance based on driving conditions and speed.

  Gearbox-Assisted EPS: In this setup, the electric motor is located within the steering gearbox. It provides assistance throughout the entire steering range, improving control and responsiveness. This type of EPS is commonly used in commercial vehicles or those designed for heavy towing or hauling. The continuous assistance from the electric motor in the steering gearbox ensures consistent steering performance, even under demanding loads.

• Hydraulic Power Steering (HPS)

  Hydraulic power steering systems rely on fluid pressure generated by a pump to assist the driver in steering the vehicle. The pump is typically driven by the engine, making HPS systems less fuel-efficient than EPS systems. Despite this, hydraulic power steering remains a popular choice in many vehicles due to its reliability and effectiveness, especially in larger or heavier vehicles where more steering assistance is required.

Specifications and maintenance of Ford power steering racks

• Regular fluid changes

  Manufacturers often recommend changing the power steering fluid every 30,000 to 60,000 miles. This fluid keeps the system lubricated and free of debris. New fluid protects components from wear and helps the pump perform optimally. When changing, always use the fluid specified in the owner's manual. Fill to the correct level so air doesn't enter the system. Air can cause steering issues over time. The fresh fluid prevents damage between changes. Monitor the level until the next scheduled change. Low fluid can stress the pump and rack.

• Inspect high-pressure hoses and connections

  High-pressure hoses transport fluid from the pump to the steering gear under stress. They must remain intact to avoid leaks. Inspect the hoses regularly for bulging, cracking, or damp spots that may indicate a pending failure. Also, check all connections between the pump and rack. Loose or corroded fittings can cause leaks, too. Replacing any worn hoses or fittings prevents fluid loss before a major component fails. Monitor the hoses for signs of wear. The temperatures and pressures in the steering system can stress them over time.

• Annual fluid flushes

  In addition to regular fluid changes, an authorized technician can flush the entire power steering system annually. This removes accumulated contaminants the pump may have picked up over time. A machine forces clean fluid through all lines, ensuring complete cleansing. The technician will also inspect components like the steering rack for early signs of trouble. Catching issues before they become major failures can save big repair bills down the road. The annual flush maximizes component life by preventing damage from debris buildup.

• Tire maintenance

  Proper tire maintenance is also important for the steering system's health. Underinflated tires or uneven wear can put excess strain on the rack over time. The driver may have to exert more effort to steer straight with unevenly stressed tires. Monitor tire pressure weekly and inspect them regularly for even wear patterns. Correcting issues like low inflation or misalignment prevents premature wear on the steering rack.

• Stay within load limits

  Every vehicle has specified weight limits for passengers and cargo. Excess loading can stress the steering rack, suspension, and brakes. Carrying too much weight affects steering feel and can lead to premature component failure. Be mindful of the vehicle's hauling capacity stated in the owner's manual.

• Follow towing guidelines

  If equipped with a factory towing package, always follow the maintenance schedule for that system, too. High loads from trailers can stress the steering components. Vehicles with towing packages have more frequent intervals for items like the transmission cooler flush.

• Stick to scheduled maintenance

  To keep the steering rack and other parts running well, just follow the maintenance schedule in the owner's manual. Routine care prevents small issues from developing into major, expensive repairs. The manual lists important items like fluid changes, filter swaps, and inspections at the correct mileage. Using scheduled maintenance, components like the steering rack can last as long as possible.

How to Choose

Choosing the right Ford power steering rack for a business can be challenging, considering various factors. Here are some tips to make the right decision:

• Consider the vehicle compatibility. Ensure that the steering rack is designed for a specific vehicle make, model, and year. It helps avoid any mounting or fitting issues. For example, a Ford power steering rack would be compatible with vehicles from the Ford Motor Company, such as the Ford Mustang or Ford F-150.
• Think about the driving needs and habits. For instance, a performance-oriented steering rack might be suitable for those who drive fast or engage in motorsport activities. On the other hand, a more comfort-oriented rack is ideal for city commuters or those who drive in traffic.
• Determine the steering assist type. Some vehicles use hydraulic fluid power from the engine to assist the steering, while others use electric power with sensors and motors. Knowing the steering assist type helps choose a steering rack compatible with the available assist method.
• Decide on the steering gear type. Steering racks come in different designs, such as worm gear, double worm gear, or rack and pinion. Each design offers a different feel and response to the steering wheel movement. Test-driving different steering gear types can help find the one that suits the business's needs.
• Choose a reputable manufacturer when purchasing a steering rack. An OEM steering rack offers quality and reliability, even though it is more expensive than an aftermarket one. An aftermarket brand may provide a cost-saving solution, provided that it meets the vehicle's specifications.
• Consider the budget. Steering racks vary in price depending on the type, brand, and features. Set a budget range before exploring the options. Don't forget to consider the long-term costs, such as maintenance, repair, or replacement, when choosing a steering rack.

How to diy and replace for power steering racks

Replacing a steering rack may seem like a daunting task, but with the right guidance, it can be done. Here's a step-by-step guide on how to replace a steering rack.

First, set up the vehicle by parking it on a level surface and engaging the parking brake. Disconnect the negative battery cable to prevent any electrical short circuits. Then, lift the car and support it with jack stands. Remove the front wheels to access the steering rack easily, and drain the power steering fluid into a suitable container. Dispose of the fluid properly.

Next, remove the splash guard under the steering rack. This may vary depending on the vehicle. Disconnect any electrical connections attached to the steering rack, such as sensors. Then, remove the two high-pressure and return hoses from the steering rack. Be prepared for any fluid that may leak out.

Loosen the bolts holding the steering rack in place. These bolts are usually located on the underside of the rack and may require a socket or wrench to remove. Once the bolts are loose, use a pry bar to gently separate the rack from the mounting. Take care not to damage any surrounding components.

With the rack loose, disconnect the steering shaft from the rack. This may require a universal joint or a separate set of tools. Now, remove the old steering rack from the vehicle. This may require assistance, as the rack can be heavy and awkward to maneuver. Clean the mounting surface and remove any debris or old sealant.

Take the new steering rack and lubricate the high-pressure and return ports with fresh power steering fluid. This will help prevent damage to the seals during installation. Position the new steering rack in the mounting area and reconnect it to the steering shaft. Tighten the bolts securely, ensuring the rack is properly aligned.

Reconnect any electrical connections or sensors previously disconnected. Reattach the two hoses to the steering rack, ensuring they are tightened securely. Once everything is reattached, lower the vehicle and start the engine. Turn the steering wheel lock-to-lock a few times to bleed the air from the system.

Check for any leaks around the hoses and connections. Ensure everything is dry and secure before taking the vehicle for a test drive. After driving for a short distance, check the power steering fluid level and top it up if necessary.

Replacing a steering rack is a manageable DIY project with the right tools and knowledge. Always consult the vehicle's repair manual for specific instructions and torque specifications. If unsure or uncomfortable with any step, it's best to seek professional assistance.

Q and A

Q1: How long does a power steering rack last?

A1: A steering rack can last between 100,000 to 200,000 miles. However, its lifespan can be shortened by several factors. These include driving conditions, the quality of the steering rack, and maintenance practices.

Q2: What are the symptoms of a failing steering rack?

A2: When the steering rack is failing, users will find it hard to steer the vehicle. They may also hear grinding noises when steering. Another obvious sign is a leaking power steering fluid from the rack. The vehicle may also shake or vibrate when steering.

Q3: Can users drive a vehicle with a damaged steering rack?

A3: Ideally, users should not drive a vehicle with a damaged steering rack. A faulty steering rack compromises the driver's ability to control the vehicle, posing a significant safety risk. If the steering rack becomes completely inoperable while driving, it could lead to a sudden loss of steering control, increasing the risk of a crash.