sizing machine

Types of Sizing Machines

A sizing machine is designed to sort different items according to their size. The concept of a sizing machine is widely used in the textile industry to mold and set newly woven fabrics into the desired dimensions. Many sizing machines achieve this via steam treatment.

The food industry also has many kinds of sizing machines that separate fruits and vegetables according to weight and size. Apple sizing machines are a prime example of such devices commonly used in juice production lines to separate apples of different sizes before they enter the crushers.

Sizing machines in food production lines are usually conveyor belts integrated with a set of circular discs. The circular discs are placed at different heights along the conveyor belt; as the fruits move along the belt, they roll over the discs. The fruits that are larger than the discs' height are separated and dropped into the corresponding outlet chutes.

Industrial fruit sizing machines can separate anywhere between three to twelve sizes of fruits and vegetables. They can be easily adjusted to change the separation criteria. However, when the fruit and vegetables are separated using a sizing machine, they should be further treated using a fruit sorting machine because fruits of the same size can be of different qualities.

The textile industry has several types of fabric sizing machines. Here are a few commonly used types:

• Jigger Sizing Machine:

  The most commonly used weaving prep method is warp jigger sizing, where a zig-zag motion is used to apply the sizing solution to the yarns. In Jigger machines, yarns are strengthened by repeating a zigzag motion through the solution bath and drying chambers.

• Padding Sizing Machine:

  In the padding method, the textile is submerged in a solution and then passed through rollers, where excess solution is squeezed back into the tray. Unlike the Jigger method, this method is more economical and uses less sizing material.

• Still Sizing Machine:

  The stenter method uses a rectangular chamber where the fabric is pulled to its desired width and then passed through a heating chamber that applies the sizing through heat.

• Flocking Sizing Machine:

  In the flocking method, the still moist fabric is spread with flock fibers that stick to the material. This method is used when one requires an uneven textured surface on the fabric.

Specifications and Maintenance of Sizing Machines

• Capacity: The capacity, which varies from 300 kg per day to many tonnes per day, is usually mentioned and is the most significant factor in deciding the machine to be used.
• Sizes: Pricing varies according to shape and size. Common food production industries' sizes include 15.5 mm, 17.5 mm, 18.5 mm, 20.5 mm, 25.5, 27.5, 30.5, 32.5, 35.5, and 38.5 mm. Other industries may have different requirements based on end use.
• Energy: TElectrical energy requirements, which are usually indicated in kWh, are also considered while deciding which machine to purchase. An average industry may require about 7.5 kWh to produce 1 tonne of flour.
• Components: A typical flour sizing machine's essential parts include an electric motor, feeding auger, vibrating screen, and outlet. The motor's function is to transfer power to the flour. The feeding auger draws the flour, and the vibrating screen separates it. The outlet is the end point from where the flor comes out, having the desired screen size.

Regular maintenance checks are crucial for the smooth and optimal working of the flour sizing machine.

• Weekly cleaning: Weekly cleaning should include the removal of any flour stuck inside the sieve and other parts of the machine. A blow pump machine or a high-pressure air compressor can be used to ensure no residue flour is left. A brush can be used to clean the screen.
• Monthly cleaning: Monthly cleaning should include the washing of the screens with water and detergent and the thorough drying of all parts before assembly and use of the machine. All rotating and moving parts should be lubricated, ensuring longevity and smooth functioning.

Applications of a Sizing Machine

Textile industries mainly use wool and cotton sizing machines to modify and prepare fibers of different materials for the weaving process. The machine performs several functions, such as straightening, aligning, increasing the bulk, coating, and applying starch to the fibers.

The Sizing machine also plays a crucial role in:

• Improving Weaving Efficiency

  By increasing the strength and smoothness of the fibers, the sizing machine helps to minimize thread breakage during weaving, thereby improving overall weaving efficiency.

• Extending Tool Life

  A well-sized fiber can help prolong the life of weaving tools and machines by reducing abrasion and clogging.

• Preparing Various Materials

  Different fabrics, including cotton, wool, synthetic fibers, and blended materials, may require distinct sizing processes. Custom sizing mixtures tailored to specific fabric characteristics are often used in the cotton and wool industries.

• Sizing for Specific Industries

  Specific industries may have unique fabric requirements. For instance, the automotive or upholstery industries will need particular sizing treatments to achieve the desired strength and performance for end-use applications.

• Quality Control

  Implementing strict quality control measures ensures that the sizing solution's consistency and effectiveness meets the industry's highest standards.

• Cost-Effectiveness

  Investing in a sizing machine can be cost-effective for textile manufacturers, as it enhances fabric quality and reduces rework and material wastage.

How to choose a sizing machine

Buying a cloth sizing machine is no easy task. Several factors need careful consideration to ensure the end purchase can fulfill the intended applications. To begin with, it's best to look at the cloth's feed capacity. This aspect overlaps with the capacity of the industrial sizing machine. Purchasing a machine with capacity and feeding ability that clashes with the production rate will result in delays and costly downtimes.

Pay attention to what kind of fabric the machine is designed to handle. Sizing machines for cotton fabric will differ in specifications and capabilities from those made for more delicate materials, like silk. It is also crucial to consider the end product's smoothness. An industrial sizing machine for a cotton textile may produce a softer finish than one that works on fabric for more stiff and rough end products.

The size of the work area and the type of energy supply will also affect the decision. Choose a sizing machine that will fit into the existing layout before cutting or reshaping anything. When choosing a machine, ensure the energy source matches the supply basket to prevent any safety hazards. Businesses may want to invest in a stand-alone size machine if the capacity is relatively small and frequent in-house sizing is required.

Cost will always be an important factor in the final purchasing decision. Pricing studies to determine the cloth sizing machine price in this market are essential. In most cases, industrial machines will be more expensive than smaller-scale models. Consider after-sales services like repair and warranty because these can significantly impact the overall cost in the long run.

Q&A

Q1 What is a garment size-setting machine?

A1 A sizing machine is used in the textile industry to apply sizing, or a starch-like substance, to fabric or textiles. This process reinforces the material, making it firmer and more durable, and helps maintain crispness and shape in finished garments. Sizing machines can run roller coasters, spraying, padding, or immersion techniques to apply the sizing agent uniformly.

Q2 What are the advantages of using a sizing machine in the garment industry?

A2 Using a sizing machine in the garment industry offers several advantages. Sizing improves fabric strength, making it easier to handle during cutting and sewing. Sizing also enhances the smoothness of fabric, reducing friction on sewing machine needles and minimizing interruptions. The abrasion resistance of sized fabric also increases, leading to better longevity and fewer complaints from customers regarding damaged garments. Sized fabrics are easier to work with, improving overall efficiency in garment production.

Q3 Could garment sizes affect the quality of the finished product?

A3 Yes, garment sizing can significantly impact the quality of the finished product. Properly sized fabrics enhance the smoothness and strength of garments, contributing to their durability, improved longevity, and better quality, which are crucial for customer satisfaction and brand reputation.

Q4 What types of garment-sizing machines are available?

A4 There are several types of sizing machines, including spray and foaming type, roller coating type, size application by brush, padding type, and size application with air drying.

Q5 What is the capacity of a garment-sizing machine?

A5 The capacity of a garment-sizing machine can vary depending on the model and specifications. It is usually indicated in terms of fabric width (e.g., 60-110 inches) and fabric length (e.g., 2000-12000 yards). Some machines may also have production capacities expressed in numbers of pieces or garments sized per hour, such as 1500-3000 pieces per hour.