fuel tank

Types of fuel tanks

Fuel tank are also called gas tanks. They are containers used in vehicles to store petrol or gasoline. Fuel tanks come in different types, such as:

• Metal fuel tanks: These fuel tanks are made from steel or aluminum. They are durable and commonly used in older vehicle models. Metal fuel tanks are prone to corrosion, especially when water gets inside the tank. The corrosion process is accelerated when metal tanks have holes or cracks.
• Plastic fuel tanks: Plastic gas tanks are made from high-density polyethylene (HDPE). They are resistant to corrosion and less prone to rust. Plastic fuel tanks are lightweight and less expensive compared to metal tanks. They are commonly used in modern vehicle models. Plastic fuel tanks have a higher risk of deformation from impact and can be difficult to recycle.
• Composite fuel tanks: These are newer types of gas tanks. They are made from advanced materials, such as carbon fiber. Composite fuel tanks are lightweight and corrosion-resistant. They have improved strength and are suitable for high-pressure applications. Composite fuel tanks are more expensive than other types.
• Submersible fuel tanks: These fuel tanks are designed to be installed underground or underwater. They are made from corrosion-resistant materials and have protective coatings. Submersible fuel tanks prevent leakage of hazardous substances into the environment.
• Pressurized fuel tanks: These gas tanks are designed to hold fuel at higher pressure. They are used in vehicles with high-performance engines and are made from durable materials, such as metal or composite materials.
• Flexible fuel tanks: These are specially designed fuel tanks that store flexible fuels. They are made from materials that are compatible with a range of fuel compositions. Flexible fuel tanks are used in vehicles designed to run on flexible fuels.

Specification and Maintenance of Fuel Tanks

Specification

• Capacity

  The storage capability of a fuel tank is referred to as its capacity. It is measured in gallons or liters. The needs of the vehicle and the design of its fuel system determine the capacity of the fuel tank. Long-distance travel requires fuel tanks with large capacity to minimize refueling. The capacity of a tank may affect how the vehicle performs, such as its handling and weight distribution.

• Material

  The material of a fuel tank affects its sturdiness and resistance to rust. Steel has been used in the past for fuel tanks. However, it is heavy and prone to corrosion. Modern tanks are made from aluminum or polymers, such as high-density polyethylene. Aluminum is lighter than steel and resistant to rust. Polyethylene is also resistant to rust and very hard to break.

• Shape

  The layout of a fuel tank is essential for its fit within a vehicle and its operation. Tanks are commonly made in rectangular or trapezoidal shapes. The shape enables the tank to fit in spaces available in a vehicle. The tank's shape and design affect how fuel is used from the tank and how it vents.

• Fuel Type

  Fuel tanks are designed to carry specific types of fuel, such as gasoline, diesel, or alternative fuels like ethanol. Each type of fuel has distinct chemical properties, such as its volatility and combustibility. The tank is designed to accommodate those properties and ensure safe storage. For instance, gasoline has a high volatility level, so its tank is designed to prevent vapor leaks.

• Venting

  Fuel tanks have a venting system that releases vapors generated from the fuel during storage and prevents the build-up of pressure. The venting system allows for the free flow of air in and out of the tank. This system is safe and helps maintain the integrity of the fuel by ensuring the tank's internal pressure remains balanced.

• Anti-slosh baffles

  Fuel tanks have internal barriers known as anti-slososh baffles. The function of these baffles is to stop the fuel from moving around too much when the vehicle is in motion. When a vehicle is in motion, its movement can cause the fuel to shift or slosh about, which can affect the vehicle's stability and handling. The baffles minimize this sloshing action, ensuring the vehicle has a stable fuel supply and improving its overall performance.

Maintenance

• Regular Inspection

  The first step in maintaining a fuel tank is to routinely examine it. Look for indications of fuel leaks, such as fuel pools or stains. Search for damage, rust, and dents. Ensure that all tank accessories, such as the fuel cap and sender assembly, are in good shape and operating properly. Regular inspections help identify potential problems early on and enable timely repairs.

• Cleaning

  Over time, dirt, debris, and water can accumulate inside the fuel tank, affecting fuel quality. To clean the fuel tank, professional cleaning agents and methods are required to remove any contaminants. In addition, the outside of the fuel tank should be cleaned regularly to prevent rust. A soft cloth and mild cleaning solution are used for cleaning.

• Fuel Quality

  Maintaining high-quality fuel in the tank is essential for optimal vehicle performance. To enhance vehicle performance, avoid using gasoline with low quality. Gasoline with low quality may contain impurities that can damage the fuel system components, such as the injectors and fuel pump. Only purchase fuel from reliable distributors to ensure the quality is maintained. Avoid additives or treatments that are not approved, as they may affect the fuel system's performance.

• Water Removal

  Water accumulation in the fuel tank can lead to fuel spoilage and potential damage to the fuel system. Water can enter the tank through condensation or during fuel transfer. If there is water in the tank, a water-fuel separator can be used to remove it. The separator filters the water and allows the fuel to pass through.

• Rust Prevention

  To avoid rust, regularly inspect the tank for any signs of rust. Use rust inhibitors or protectors to prevent rust from forming on the tank's outer layer. These inhibitors provide a protective layer that prevents moisture and harsh weather conditions from coming into contact with the metal surface of the tank.

How to Choose Fuel Tank

Choosing the right fuel tank requires considering several important factors:

• Material

  Fuel tanks are constructed using diverse materials, each with its merits. Metal tanks are resilient and offer excellent protection against punctures. On the other hand, plastic tanks are lightweight and resistant to corrosion, making them an attractive option in various situations.

• Capacity

  The capacity of a fuel tank is a critical consideration. A larger tank allows for extended travel distances before refueling, which is beneficial for long-distance journeys or off-road adventures. Conversely, a smaller tank is more lightweight and easier to transport, making it suitable for specific applications.

• Emissions

  Modern fuel tanks have been designed to reduce emissions and comply with environmental regulations. Features such as vapor recovery systems minimize the release of harmful emissions into the atmosphere. When selecting a fuel tank, it is important to consider its environmental impact and choose a tank that adheres to emissions standards.

• Safety features

  Safety features are a critical consideration when choosing a fuel tank. Look for tanks equipped with safety features such as pressure relief valves, rollover protection, and impact-resistant materials. These features minimize the risk of fuel leaks, explosions, and fires, ensuring safe fuel storage and transportation.

• Compatibility

  When selecting a fuel tank, compatibility with the vehicle or equipment being utilized is crucial. Consider the tank's design, size, and mounting options to ensure it can be securely installed without any issues. Additionally, choose a fuel tank that is compatible with the type of fuel being used, as this can prevent fuel contamination and guarantee optimal performance.

• Portability

  Consider the fuel tank's portability requirements. Transportable tanks are equipped with handles or carrying cases, making them convenient for camping trips or off-road adventures. Additionally, consider the tank's weight, as a heavier tank may pose difficulties during transportation.

How to DIY and Replace Fuel Tank

It is essential to know how to replace a fuel tank. An easy guide for replacing a fuel tank is given below. Always remember to observe safety precautions when replacing a fuel tank.

• Gather the required tools: one will need a socket or wrench set, a jack and jack stands, safety glasses, fuel line disconnect tool, and a new fuel tank replacement. It is also important to read the owner’s manual to understand the steps to follow when replacing the fuel tank of a specific vehicle.
• 1. Prepare the vehicle: one should ensure the vehicle is parked in a well-ventilated area away from open flames and fuels. Disconnect the battery and raise the vehicle using a jack and secure it with jack stands.
• 2. Drain the fuel tank: use the fuel tank and drain all the fuel from the tank. Dispose of the fuel safely according to local regulations. After draining, remove the fuel lines and electrical connections from the fuel tank.
• 3. Remove the fuel tank: disconnect the fuel tank straps and use a jack to lower the tank safely. Then, remove the fuel tank with the help of a jack.
• 4. Install the new fuel tank: raise the new fuel tank with a jack and secure it with straps. Reconnect the fuel lines, ensuring there are no leaks. Reconnect electrical connections and fill the new tank with fuel.
• 5. Finalize the installation: reconnect the vehicle's battery and lower it from the jack. Start the engine and check for leaks or issues.

Q and A

Q1: What is the most common material used to make a fuel tank?

A1: The most common materials used to make fuel tanks are steel, aluminum, and plastic. Each material has its pros and cons. For instance, steel is strong and durable, but it can rust. Aluminum doesn't rust, but it is more expensive than steel. Plastic fuel tanks won't corrode, and they are lightweight. However, plastic tanks may not be as durable as metal tanks.

Q2: Where is the fuel tank located?

A2: The fuel tank is located at the bottom of the vehicle and is accessible from the back. Fuel tanks are usually protected by a fuel tank skid plate located at the bottom of the car.

Q3: How do fuel tanks work?

A3: Fuel tanks store fuel for the vehicle. When a vehicle is fueled, the fuel goes into a pipe that leads to the fuel tank called the fill neck. The fuel tank also has an evaporative emissions control system (EVAP) that prevents gas vapors from escaping into the atmosphere.

Q4: How do people know a fuel tank is faulty?

A4: There are several indicators of a faulty fuel tank. For instance, a faulty fuel tank will have fuel leaks that can be seen under the vehicle. A damaged fuel tank will also cause the smell of gasoline near the car. Another indicator of a faulty fuel tank is difficulty in starting the vehicle, which can be caused by low fuel pressure due to a damaged fuel tank.